A Mosque in a settlement is a form of service to the local community to support all activities related to religious life, especially for prayer, recitation, and as a place of friendship for Muslims. People in Defend, the Country Housing, need a mosque with facilities as places of worship/prayer, socializing, and education, which aims to increase faith and devotion. This condition is very influential on balance in social life between citizens. The method used is participatory qualitative, in field identification, design process, and ends with a presentation. This community service activity aims to provide solutions to Defend the Country Housing people in realizing mosque facilities by prioritizing Habluminannas and Habluminallah. The answer was to design the Al Adho Mosque, starting from analyzing the problem in the location, planning, designing, and structuring the mosque's - uploaded by Andiyan AndiyanAuthor contentAll figure content in this area was uploaded by Andiyan AndiyanContent may be subject to copyright. Discover the world's research25+ million members160+ million publication billion citationsJoin for free ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12420] The "Habluminannas and Habluminallah" Concept in the Al Adho Mosque Design Tita cardiah1, Rangga Firmansyah1, Hendi Anwar1, Titihan Sarihati1, Andiyan2 1Interior Design, School of Creative Industries, Telkom University, Bandung,West Java, 40257, Indonesia. 2Departement of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Universitas Faletehan, Bandung, West Java, 40266, Indonesia Email andiyanarch Abstract A Mosque in a settlement is a form of service to the local community to support all activities related to religious life, especially for prayer, recitation, and as a place of friendship for Muslims. People in Defend, the Country Housing, need a mosque with facilities as places of worship/prayer, socializing, and education, which aims to increase faith and devotion. This condition is very influential on balance in social life between citizens. The method used is participatory qualitative, in field identification, design process, and ends with a presentation. This community service activity aims to provide solutions to Defend the Country Housing people in realizing mosque facilities by prioritizing Habluminannas and Habluminallah. The answer was to design the Al Adho Mosque, starting from analyzing the problem in the location, planning, designing, and structuring the mosque's interior. Keywords Mosque, Architectural Design, Settlement, Habluminannas, Habluminallah. I. INTRODUCTION Defend the Country Housing Complex Tugu Regency Kp. Babakan Rt 005/008 Tegalpanjang Village is administratively part of the Cireunghas Subdistrict of Babakan Sukabumi District. Housing and settlements are not just a means of shelter and shelter for the community or residents but have a very close relationship with the community, meaning that housing and settlements reflect the characteristics of their citizens. ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12421] Fig 1 Location Map of Al-Adho Mosque Based on the results of surveys and field data interviews through community service programs, this mosque building needs to be redesigned its interior by optimizing the main principles of the mosque to achieve the Habluminannas and Habluminallah aspect. Research Background The existing condition of the mosque facility is still in vacant land but has been cleared inland maturation. Defend the Country Tugu Regency Residential Settlement needs facilities such as1. A House of worship in the form of a mosque is a place to comfortably carry out daily worship and improve the quality of Mosques that have the functions of socialization, interaction, communication, and education of the concept of Habluminannas and Mosques with minimal operational costs so as not to burden the residentsAl-Shaalan, 2017. Mosques are centres of religious and worship activities that are important for Muslims. However, technically it still requires a level of awareness from the community to carry out the health protocol while in the mosque environmentCardiah, Andiyan, & Rahma, 2021. To develop the design and spatial planning and application of public space standards for social facilities that pay attention to the user's age because all citizens have the same right to use public facilities to settle Tegalpanjang Village, Kec. Cireunghas, there are still many questions in general how to identify the needs of service activities to create comfort, togetherness, kinship, and security between citizens and their environment so that the concept of Habluminannas and Habluminallah is the right solution for the design of the Al Adho mosqueDawal, 2016. Literature Study The mosque facilities are expected to be realized following the needs of residents, to improve the quality of worship, solidarity, togetherness, family, and Islamic religious education early on to the sons and daughters of residentsUtaberta, 2015. This condition is very influential on the quality and desire of citizens to perform worship in the mosque that has been providedBonner, 2016. Islamic architecture is an architectural work created from the concept ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12422] of Islamic religious thought which must be sourced from the Al-Quran, Hadith, the Prophet's Sunnah, Fiqh Science and Muslim Scholars UlamaAndiyan & Aldyanto, 2021. The definition of syara' that a mosque is a place where there is prayer and prayer is one of worship from other worship, and then the mosque is the place of origin of prayer Rangga Firmansyah, 2016; Rangga et al., The following are standard mosque facilities; 1 That the mosque has a strategic role as a center for the development of Muslims to protect, empower, and unite the people to realize quality, moderate, and tolerant people; 2 To improve the quality of fostering the role and function of the mosque not only as a place of ritual worship mahdhah but also extensive social worship chair mahdhah in the economic, educational, social-cultural, and other fields 3 Other utilities in the room, such as fresh air and not humidity, must work optimally; 4 It is giving an atmosphere of space psychology that lifts God Almighty. Regarding hablumminallah & hablumminallah, this is an editorial interpreted from the principles of Islamic lawAbdurrahman, 2002; Ismail & Abdurrahman, 2013; Nabhani, Amin, & Jakarta., 2006. Hablumminallah is how humans relate to the Creator by following all His commands and staying away from His prohibitionsPurwanto, 2014. The meaning of hablumminallah in the interpretations of At-Tabari, Al-Baghawi, and Ibn Kathir's interpretation is "a covenant from Allah, and the meaning is to convert to Islam or believe in Islam as a guarantee of safety for them in this world and the hereafter."Hablumminallah is carried out with ubudiyah or worship. Human life in the world is essentially only to worship Allah SWT. Allah says, "And I did not create the jinn and mankind except that they might serve Me." Qs. Ad-Dzuriat 56. According to Imam Ghazali, ubudiyah consists of three things, namely Fulfilling Shariah orders, Be willing to the provisions and destiny, and the distribution of sustenance from Allah SWT, Leaving the will of lust to seek the pleasure of Allah SWT. If hablumminallah is known as individual piety or mahdhah worship, hablumminannas is social piety or "ghair mahdhah" worship. Because hablumminannas is a concept where humans maintain good relations with other humans. In essence, humans are social creatures. Allah SWT emphasizes this in the letter Al Hujurat verse 13, which means "O humanity, indeed We created you from a male and a female and made you into nations and tribes so that you may know one another. Verily, the most honorable of you in the sight of Allah is the one who is most pious among you. Verily, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Knowing." Research Purposes This community service activity aims to provide solutions to agencies related to the design of the Al-Adho Mosque in settlement of Tegalpanjang Village, Kec. Cireunghas Sukabumid by utilizing vacant land in the following matters; Increase the comfort of citizens and the community in carrying out daily worship, improve the quality of worship that is carried out, ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12423] Increasing the effectiveness of activities and optimizing empty spaces by building mosque worship places, Creating a home environment that has comfortable worship facilities. Safe and qualifiedPlattner, Meinel, & Leifer, 2014 II. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY The method used is qualitative participatoryBerg & Lune, 2011; Lune & Berg, 2016, field identification, design process, and ends with a presentation. This research method prioritizes aspects that prioritize design standardization that will be applied based on literature or scientific studiesRangga Firmansyah et al., Partners who work with us work as opening access to the design process. In addition, partners are sources of supporting documents and data as well as extracting information about the needs of service activities, with the hope that the design results that will be given can be applied to a collaborative housing environment through parties related parties so that they can be ordered and organizedMcHarg, 1969. Method of Collecting Data The form of implementation in community service in the Al-Adho mosque design is carried out in several stages. The series of activities are as followsAzmi, 2019; 1 Survey location and data mining, during the survey, due to the excellent condition of the Covid 19 editorial, the survey was conducted online through Google maps. But before the Covid 19 investigation, the team had conducted surveys and interviews with partners so that most of the data had been collected by the team. The size of the land or site is obtained from image data provided by the partners. Likewise, for the interview stage with partners conducted online; 2 The design/design process with the mosque design output can be built by residents independently or by the implementing contractor; 3 After surveying and extracting data, the design process will involve partners in making corrections to the design output process that residents in self-help development can use. Presentations to partners about the importance of religious facilities, especially mosques, and how to care for them so that the facilities can be sustained online through the zoom application. III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Housing and settlements are not just a means of housing and shelter for the community or residents but have a very close relationship with the district, meaning that housing and settlements reflect the characteristics of their citizensSzokolay, 2014. Therefore, housing and settlement is a form of environment that requires various facilities, both public and social facilities and worshipMukti, 2016. ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12424] Fig 2 Site Plan Worship facilities needed especially for Muslim citizens are facilities or worship spaces that can accommodate daily worship activities that are socializing, communication, interaction, recreation, and education and can improve the quality of the people who carry out religious activitiesSchielke, 2019. This has resulted in the need for facilities that can accommodate the needs of spiritual and religious activities, with these needs residents want to build a mosque in a residential environment that is the center of worship activities, Islamic religious education, as well as interaction and communication between citizens who are MuslimKholisya, Maya, & Purnengsih, 2017. This research conducted in one construction company in Indonesia, the company was facing several problems, many projects that already ended have delaysAndiyan et al., 2021. Fig 3 Block Plan Facilities and infrastructure facilities Housing and settlement that is qualified will affect the level of togetherness, health, personality, and welfare of residentsRiduwan, 2016. ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12425] Fig 4 View From The Residential Gaten Fig 5 View From Inside The Settlement Fig 6 Front view Fig 7 Side View ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12426] Fig 8 Top View The mosque facilities are expected to be realized following the needs of residents, to improve the quality of worship, solidarity, togetherness, family, and Islamic religious education early on to the sons and daughters of residentsWibowo, This condition is very influential on the quality and desire of residents to perform worship in the mosque that has been provided. In addition to considering the aspects mentioned above, it is also necessary to pay attention to the style applied in interior design so that it can adapt elements of local locality Rangga Firmansyah, 2014; Rangga & Sudarisman, 2015. Fig 9 Concept, Space Program Fig 10 Floor Plan Concept ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12427] Fig 11 Mass Composition Fig 12 Interior Concept Based on the results of the redesign from the interior aspect, it was found that there needs to be design optimization that takes into account specific standards to be applied Musdalifah Wahyu Pratini Rangga Firmansyah, Hanafiah, & Firmansyah, 2016; Marinda, Firmansyah, & Hanafiah, 2018; Wibisono, Firmansyah, & Palupi, 2018, including; 1 That the mosque has a strategic role as a center for the development of Muslims to protect, empower, and unite ; 2 the people to realize a quality, moderate and tolerant people; 3 To improve the quality of fostering the role and function of the mosque not only as a place of ritual worship mahdhah but also extensive social worship chair mahdhah in the economic, educational, socio-cultural, and other fields. Other utilities in the room, such as fresh air and not humidity, must work optimally. It gives an atmosphere of space psychology that lifts God AlmightyPena & Parshall, 2012. III. CONCLUSION Based on the final results achieved, the community service program benefits the target community, which is quite extensive. The Al Adho mosque design can improve the comfort of citizens and the community in carrying out daily worship to enhance the quality of prayer held. Creating a residential environment that has convenient worship facilities. safe, and qualified by prioritizing the concept of Habluminannas and Habluminallah. This facility can accommodate the public's need for information facilities and interactions to be a gathering point, especially in ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12428] worship activities. The response obtained from presentations to residents is very interested in the design of this mosque for various community activities in the future. In the next stage, residents expect assistance to realize the creation of this mosque and supervision at the construction and realization stages. As for the residents' request to continue with similar programs for other facilities such as structuring/design of the hero. Assistance from academics through the community dedication program was felt to be very helpful and could be continued to co-exist with the results of community self-help. REFERENCES [1] Abdurrahman, H. 2002. Diskursus Islam politik dan spiritual. WADI Press. [2] Al-Shaalan, A. 2017. Design strategies for a big mosque to reduce electricity consumption in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. WMSCI 2017 - 21st World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, Proceedings, Vol. 1, pp. 313–317. Retrieved from [3] Andiyan, Andiyan, & Aldyanto, Irfan. 2021. Kajian Arsitektur Pada Massa Bangunan Masjid Cipaganti. Sang Pencerah Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton, 72, 189–199. [4] Andiyan Andiyan, Putra, Raditya Mandala, Rembulan, Glisina Dwinoor, & Tannady, Hendy. 2021. Construction Project Evaluation Using CPM-Crashing, CPM-PERT and CCPM for Minimize Project Delays. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 19331, 12096. IOP Publishing. [5] Azmi, N. A. 2019. Factors contributing in the design of environmentally sustainable mosques. Journal of Building Engineering, 23, 27–37. [6] Berg, Bruce L., & Lune, Howard. 2011. Qualitative Methods for the Social Sciences. [7] Bonner, J. F. 2016. The Historical Significance of the Geometric Designs in the Northeast Dome Chamber of the Friday Mosque at Isfahan. Nexus Network Journal, 181, 55–103. [7] Cardiah, Tita, Andiyan, Andiyan, & Rahma, Amelinda. 2021. Implementation of Health Protocols at Mosques during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the city of Bukittinggi. Review Of International Geographical Education, 115, 3765–3771. [8] Dawal, S. Z. 2016. Wudu’ workstation design for elderly and disabled people in Malaysia’s mosques. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 45, 114–124. Retrieved from [9] Firmansyah, Musdalifah Wahyu Pratini Rangga, Hanafiah, Ully Irma Maulina, & Firmansyah, Rangga. 2016. Re-desain Interior Fasilitas Yayasan Pembina Masjid Salman Itb Di Bandung. EProceedings of Art & Design, 33. [10] Firmansyah, Rangga. 2016. Langgam Arsitektur-Interior Masjid Margoyuwono & Masjid Soko-Tunggal Yogyakarta. Seminar Nasional Semesta Arsitektur Nusantara SAN 4, 4Universitas ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12429] Brawijaya – Malang, A2-05. [11] Firmansyah, Rangga, Utaberta, Nangkula, & Shaari, Nazlina. Evaluation of Universal Design Requirements Application in Public Mosques in Bandung. 14, 2017. [12] Ismail, M., & Abdurrahman, H. 2013. Fikrul Islam bunga rampai pemikiran Islam. Al Azhar Press. [13] Kholisya, Umi, Maya, Siska, & Purnengsih, Iis. 2017. Karakteristik Gapura Di Kecamatan Kebakkramat Kabupaten Karanganyar Jawa Tengah Kajian Sosial Budaya dan Ekonomi. Jurnal Desain, 402, 100–111. [14] Lune, Howard, & Berg, Bruce L. 2016. Qualitative research methods for the social sciences. Pearson Higher Ed. [15] Marinda, Rachmi, Firmansyah, Rangga, & Hanafiah, Ully Irma Maulina. 2018. Redesain Interior Masjid Agung Al-ukhuwwah Di Kota Bandung. EProceedings of Art & Design, 51. [16] McHarg, Ian L. 1969. Design with nature. American Museum of Natural History New York. [17] Mukti, Galih Retno. 2016. Nilai Pendidikan Dan Estetika Islam Pada Arsitektur Masjid Gedhe Kraton, Kauman-Yogyakarta. [18] Nabhani, T., Amin, A., & Jakarta., Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia HTI. 2006. Peraturan hidup dalam Islam. Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia HTI. [19] Pena, William M., & Parshall, Steven A. 2012. Problem seeking An architectural programming primer. John Wiley & Sons. [20] Plattner, Hasso, Meinel, Christoph, & Leifer, Larry. 2014. Design thinking research Building innovators. Springer. [21] Purwanto, Yedi. 2014. Memaknai Pesan Spiritual Ajaran Agama Dalam Membangun Karakter Kesalehan Sosial. Jurnal Sosioteknologi, 13, 41–46. [22] Rangga Firmansyah. 2014. Vernacular Value Of Kampung Kota Case Studi At Kampung Ulu Sattlement Of Musi River , Palembang City . Bandung Creative Movement BCM Journal 2014, INovember. [23] Rangga, Firmansyah, & Sudarisman, Irwan. 2015. Typology Of Traditional Mosque In Palembang Case Study Old Mosques In The City Of Palembang , South Sumatra . Bandung Creative Movement BCM Journal 2014, September. [24] Riduwan, Akhmad. 2016. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat oleh perguruan tinggi. Ekuitas Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan, 32, 95. [25] Schielke, Thomas. 2019. The language of lighting applying semiotics in the evaluation of lighting design. Leukos, 152–3, 227–248. [26] Szokolay, Steven V. 2014. Introduction to architectural science the basis of sustainable design. Routledge. ISSN 0011-9342 Year 2021 Issue 8 Pages 12420 - 12430 [12430] [27] Utaberta, N. 2015. A hadith evaluation on the identity, design, location and space planning of modern mosques in Malaysia. Advances in Environmental Biology, 95, 466–472. Retrieved from [28] Wibisono, Prananta Aldi, Firmansyah, Rangga, & Palupi, Fajarsani Retno. 2018. Perancangan Interior Islamic Center Padang. EProceedings of Art & Design, 53. [29] Wibowo, Rihan Rizaldy. Elemen Fisik Masjid Baiturrahman Banda Aceh sebagai Pembentuk Karakter Visual Bangunan ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this research conducted in one construction company in Indonesia, the company was facing several problems, many projects that already ended have delays. Overdue payment one of the projects can reach Rp For calculating late payment that the company can save researcher using Critical Path Method CPM-Crashing. CPM-Crashing method can accelerate project duration by increase resource budget, so company doesn't need to pay overdue payment. The result of CPM-Crashing is company can save Rp. payment. To anticipate project delay proper planning is required. One of project planning method is project scheduling. Great loss because of the overdue amount, the company must evaluate their project schedule. The Researcher using CPM-Project Evaluation Review Technic PERT and Critical Chain Project Management CCPM both methods can give new project schedule. CPM-PERT can give probability project finish and CCPM can give new project schedule. The result of this research is probability project is not delay is very low that is only 55% project can finish on time, the company must try CCPM schedule. Andiyan AndiyanIrfan AldyantoArsitektur Islam adalah sebuah karya arsitektur yang tercipta dari konsep pemikiran agama islam yang harus bersumber dari Al-Quran, Hadist,Sunnah nabi, Ilmu Fiqih dan para Cendikiawan Muslim Ulama. Arsitektur Islam, menurut banyak pihak, sangat identik dengan tempat ibadah nya itu sendiri yaitu Masjid. Masjid sendiri memiliki konsep massa bangunan yang sangat khas terlihat dari bentuk bangunan,fasad,dan ornamen -ornamen berupa kaligrafi. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini di tujukan untuk menjabarkan tentang penerapan Arsitektur Islam pada massa bangunan Masjid Cipaganti , yang dimana Masjid Cipaganti adalah salah satu bangunan peninggalan sejarah yang di sebut dengan bangunan heritage di kota Bandung. Kajian terutama pada masa bangunan Arsitektur Masjid Cipaganti , yaitu pada bagian atap Masjid,Ruang Solat,Ornamen,Serambi dan lain sebagai nya. Penelitan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan dengan mengamati secara langsung objek, studi dokumen/literatur dan artikel yang berkaitan dengan Arsitektur islam dan Masjid Cipaganti. Thomas SchielkeArchitectural lighting provides optimum visibility for tasks but illuminations convey meanings as well. Though many studies analyze technical dimensions of lighting, research on the meaning is rare. Therefore, this article discusses semiotics as a methodology for lighting design within the design process and critically reflects the appearance of light and architecture. The semiotic discourse starts with terminology and presents models of architectural signs. The history of architectural semiotics serves as a background for the transfer to lighting and leads to an understanding of recent debates. The relevance of semiotics for lighting design is shown in three aspects Firstly, the influence on the lighting design process; secondly, how physical characteristics of light intensity, distribution, and spectrum are interpreted as signs; and, thirdly, the evaluation of different lighting design tasks like daylight, lamp and luminaire design, interior and exterior lighting, as well as media façades. A critique of architectural and lighting semiotics reveals the methodological limitations of the linguistic concept. It can be concluded that semiotics provides a useful instrument to identify the meaning, which helps to improve the quality of lighting design. The semiotic matrix offers a differentiated view of relationships based on the aspects of sign, object, and interpretant with relation to light characteristics, illuminated buildings, and architectural lighting in RiduwanDarma “pengabdian kepada masyarakat” oleh perguruan tinggi seringkali dikonotasi-kan sebagai suatu kegiatan pemberian bantuan dan pelayanan secara cumacuma kepada kelompok masyarakat yang lemah, tidak mampu secara ekonomis, dan berada dalam ko-disi semacam itu adalah akibat dari kesalahan dalam menaf-sirkan istilah “pengabdian” terbatas sebagai suatu “kegiatan tanpa pamrih”. Padahal, kegiatan pemberian bantuan dan pelayanan tersebut hanya merupakan salah satu bentuk dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat oleh perguruan tinggi, dan tidak selalu harus dilakukan secara cumacuma. Di samping itu, semua komponen organisasi perguruan tinggi dapat melaksanakan darma pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, karena pelaksanaan darma tersebut tidak hanya menjadi tugas dan kewajiban dari lembaga fungsional seperti Lembaga Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yang telah dibentuk sec-ara khusus oleh perguruan tinggi. Dosen baik secara pe-orangan maupun kelompok, Laboratorium, Jurusan, serta Pusat Penelitian, juga dapat melaksanakannya sesuai de-ngan bentuk kegiatan pengabdian yang relevan. Yedi PurwantoAdanya fenomena bahwa kesalehan individu kurang berdampak pada kesalehan sosial merupakan latar belakang kajian ini. Pilar agama Islam Rukun Islam tidak bisa dipahami hanya sebagai bentuk kewajiban ritual individual seorang muslim dengan Sang Khalik, melainkan juga mengandung maksud bahwa kelima hal itu menjadi suatu sarana membina hubungan sosial antara seorang muslim dengan orang lain, bahkan dengan makhluk lainya. Dengan kata lain, kewajiban menjalankan rukun Islam, memenuhi kewajiban spiritual seseorang muslim juga kewajiban sosial. Pada akhirnya hal tersebut akan membentuk karakter kesalehan sosial. Kelima rukun Islam tersebut secara sosiologis memberikan pemahaman bahwa di dalam menjalankan kewajiban ritual agama, seorang muslim hendaknya memenuhi aspek lainnya, yaitu membina hubungan harmonis dengan sesama manusia. Dengan demikian maka terciptalah keharmonisan hubungan secara vertikal dengan Sang Pencipta hablum minallah, juga hubungan harmonis dengan manusia hablum minannas. Jika kedua aspek sudah terpenuhi maka akan menjadi nyatalah perwujudan seorang insan kamil atau manusia sempurna. Kata kunci manusia, insan, bani adam, kesalehan sosial The phenomena that individual piety has less impact on the social piety is the background of this study. The Five Pillars of Islam cannot be understood as a mere form of individual ritual obligation of a muslim to the Creator, but, more importantly, supports the notion that the Five Pillars are a means of fostering social relationship between a Muslim and other people, and even with other creatures. In other words, the obligation to implement the Pillars of Islam, fulfilling one's muslim’s spiritual obligations, is also a social obligation. In the end, it will shape the character of the society’s piety. The Five Pillars of Islam sociologically provide an understanding that in performing the obligation of religious rituals, a muslim must fulfill other aspects, namely fostering harmonious relationships with fellow human beings. Thus, it creates a harmonious relationship with the Creator vertically hablum minallah and also a harmonious relationship with other human beings hablum minannas. If both aspects are met, there will be an obvious embodiment of a perfect man. Keywords human beings, children of Adam, social pietyBackground Ablution area is one of the facilities used by most Muslims in all categories. There are numbers of de-sign guidelines for praying facilities but lack on ablution area specification. Therefore, this study was conducted to design an ergonomic ablution area for the Muslim’s disabled and elderly based on their preferences and anthropomet-ric dimension. Methods Kano questionnaires and user evaluation form, was used to investigate the preferences of elderly and disa-bled in ablution area to 20 respondents at Masjid Bulat, Petaling Jaya and Masjid Kampung Kerinchi,Pantai Dalam, Kuala Lumpur in 2015. Anthropometric dimension of elderly and disabled people was measured. Besides, dimensions of two existing ablution units at selected mosques were evaluated using Ablution Unit Dimension Evaluation’ form. Results New ablution area design was developed based on elderly and disabled people anthropometric dimension and user preferences as well as user satisfaction survey. This study can be considered as preliminary study for the de-velopment of ergonomic ablution unit design. Conclusion It is hoped that the findings and recommendations from this research will be referred by the stakehold-ers to determine the best solution to increase the level of comfort and accessibility for elderly and disabled at mosques in thinking as a user-centric innovation method has become more and more widespread during the past years. An increasing number of people and institutions have experienced its innovative power. While at the same time the demand has grown for a deep, evidence-based understanding of the way design thinking functions. This challenge is addressed by the Design Thinking Research Program between Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA, and Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, Germany. Summarizing the outcomes of the 5th program year, this book imparts the scientific findings gained by the researchers through their investigations, experiments, and studies. The method of design thinking works when applied with diligence and insight. With this book and the underlying research projects, we aim to understand the innovation process of design thinking and the people behind it. The contributions ultimately center on the issue of building innovators. The focus of the investigation is on what people are doing and thinking when engaged in creative design innovation and how their innovation work can be supported. Therefore, within three topic areas, various frameworks, methodologies, mindsets, systems and tools are explored and further developed. The book begins with an assessment of crucial factors for innovators such as empathy and creativity, the second part addresses the improvement of team collaboration and finally we turn to specific tools and approaches which ensure information transfer during the design process. All in all, the contributions shed light and show deeper insights how to support the work of design teams in order to systematically and successfully develop innovations and design progressive solutions for tomorrow. Jay BonnerSurviving architectural monuments provide the primary source for understanding the historical development of Islamic geometric design. The early Islamic architecture of Khurasan and eastern Persia establishes the Samanids, Qarakhanids, Ghaznavids, Ghurids and Seljuks as principle contributors in the maturation of the geometric ornamental tradition. The collective architectural legacy of these cultures reveals the significance of their contribution to our knowledge of Islamic geometric design. However, no individual monument surpasses the historical importance of the northeast dome chamber of the Friday Mosque at Isfahan. New research indicates that many of the geometric designs employed within this chamber are the earliest examples of their ornamental variety. What is more, these patterns represent a methodological breakthrough in the application of the polygonal technique of pattern generation, thereby facilitating ever-greater stylistic and geometric innovation.